Sunday · September 27, 2026
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American history, reported as it happened
Made for the 250th
18161776 Club

One cannonball finds the powder magazine, and Negro Fort is gone in an instant

Roughly 275 of the fort's 330 residents, mostly escaped slaves, die in the deadliest single cannon shot in American history.

By the summer of 1816, a British-built fort on the Apalachicola River in Spanish Florida had become the largest gathering of escaped slaves in the South since before the Revolution, armed with ten cannons and defended by maroons, Seminoles, and Choctaw. Southern planters demanded it be erased. On July 27, a heated cannonball fired from US Navy Gunboat No. 154 struck the fort's magazine, detonating 73 kegs of gunpowder. The blast killed about 275 people in seconds and was heard in Pensacola, more than 100 miles away…

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More from July 27
1953

Armistice ends the fighting in Korea; the peace that follows is only a truce

Two years of talks end in a tent at Panmunjom, but South Korea's own president will not put his name on it.
1789

Washington signs the first agency of the new government into law

A department to handle foreign affairs becomes the executive branch's opening act under the Constitution.
1974

Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11: Nixon obstructed justice

Six Republicans join every Democrat on the panel, three days after the Supreme Court ordered the tapes handed over.
16631776 Club
Foreign ships lose the colonial trade, and Dutch merchants lose the most.
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Read the full July 27 edition →Everything that happened on July 27 →
More from Expansion & Antebellum
1854

Pierce signs the Kansas-Nebraska Act; the Missouri Compromise's thirty-four-year line is gone

Douglas's "popular sovereignty" doctrine now lets settlers in both territories vote on slavery themselves, erasing the 36°30' ban that has held since 1820.
1846

Thirty-three armed settlers seize Sonoma before dawn; California declares itself a republic

General Vallejo is taken prisoner in his own home, 170 government horses are seized, and a hand-sewn bear flag now flies over the barracks.
1859

Captain Brooks claims a mid-Pacific atoll for the United States; he calls it the Middlebrook Islands

The sealing ship Gambia raised the flag under the Guano Islands Act, planting a U.S. claim a third of the way between Honolulu and Tokyo.
1846

Sloat raises the flag over Monterey; Mexico's California falls without a shot

Sailors and marines from three warships walk ashore unopposed, ending both Mexican rule and the weeks-old California Republic declared at Sonoma.
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