Sunday · November 15, 2026
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American history, reported as it happened
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19451776 Club

Allies warn Japan: surrender now or face prompt and utter destruction

Stalin sits out the ultimatum since Moscow is not yet at war with Tokyo, but promises to sign on once it is.

Ten days after an atomic device lit up the New Mexico desert on July 16, the Allied leaders at Potsdam turned to the war still burning in the Pacific. On July 26, 1945, Harry Truman, Winston Churchill and Chiang Kai-shek issued a proclamation demanding the unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces, warning that refusal meant "prompt and utter destruction." American bombers scattered three million leaflets over Japan carrying the terms. Tokyo answered with silence…

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Hamilton, Madison and Jay had spent months making the case in the newspapers; the Poughkeepsie convention barely came around.
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